This is an interdisciplinary scientic research eld with a range of applications in biology,

biotechnology, and medicine. Mathematical models are important tools in basic scientic re-

search in many areas of biology, including physiology, ecology, evolution, immunology, natural

resource management, Agriculture and environmental conservation. The results obtained from

analysis and simulation of system models are used to test and extend biological theory, and to

suggest new hypotheses or experiments. This course unit draws problems from the life sciences

for which mathematical models have been developed and analyzed to describe, understand and

predict natural and Biological phenomena.